Day 2 :
- Dermatological Hair Problems
Chair
Shuba Dharmana
Lejeune Medspa, India
Co-Chair
Sushma Yadav
Lejeune Medspa, India
Session Introduction
Rutao Cui
Boston University School of Medicine, USA
Title: Why red-haired individuals are so prone to developing melanoma?
Time : 10:00-10:30
Biography:
Rutao Cui is a Professor, Vice Chair of Pharmacology and Experiment Therapeutics, Professor of Dermatology and Director of Melanoma Biology, Boston University, USA. His studies were regarded as pioneer work in the research community and have been highlighted by various journals including Nature and Science and NIH Director, Dr. Francis Collins in his blog and also have been reported in different news including CBS news.
Abstract:
Variants in the melanocortin-1-receptor (MC1R) gene, encoding a trimeric G protein-coupled receptor activated by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) are frequently associated with red or blonde hair, fair skin, freckling and skin sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) light and several (RHC-variants) also associate with increased melanoma risk. However, not all of these associations have been attributed to phenotype, suggesting that some variants affect melanoma risk independent of phenotype. We have introduced MC1R loss-of-function mutations into the albino mice with complete absence of melanin and found that MC1R loss-of-function mutations augment UV-induced melanoma development in vivo, independent of their effects on pigmentation. For the additional roles of MC1R in melanoma development beyond pigmentation, MC1R controls UVB-induced G1-like cell cycle arrest and subsequent onset of premature senescence in melanocytes, abrogation of which contributes to melanoma development. Mechanistically, wt-MC1R stabilized PTEN against proteolytic degradation under UV exposure, resulting in inhibition of AKT phosphorylation and activation after UV exposure. These results provided a key insight into why red haired people are more likely to get melanoma and will potentially lead to the development of novel strategies and identification of therapeutic targets for melanoma toward developing targeted therapies in preventing and treating red-haired population suffering from melanoma.
Laura Maria Andrade Silveira
Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
Title: What is new in the evaluation and treatment of alopecia and hair-related disorders?
Time : 10:30-11:00
Biography:
Laura Maria Andrade Silveira is a Dermatologist and currently a PhD student at Federal University of Bahia. She has specialty training in Trichology and Cosmiatrics from Federal University of São Paulo-UNIFESP and University of São Paulo-USP. She works at Trichology Department in Federal University of Bahia, Dermatology Department of Professor Edgar Santos Medical Complex. She has published some papers in reputed journals and has been serving as paper Reviser. She is a Member of Brazilian Society of Dermatology and Brazilian Society of Dermatology Surgery. She also works at Bahia Hospital in Salvador Bahia, Brazil as a Dermatologic Consultant.
Abstract:
Hair loss is a common and distressing symptom, affecting men and women. Genetic hair loss is the most common. Telogen effluvium, which causes hair shedding is common cause of hair loss, may develop after crash dieting, medication intake, illness and childbirth. Alopecia areata is found in about 1.7% of the population. Most cases start during childhood and present as a chronic disease throughout life. Other causes are associated with hair breakage, can be genetic or related with hair care treatments. The objective of this presentation is to synthetize what is new in diagnosis and treatment of all this conditions as digital trichogram and trichoscopy evaluation, Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors and platelet rich plasma. Evaluation of hair shedding was traditionally realized by physical exam, blood tests and trichogram. Recently a new toll was release to dermatology as an improvement of dermatoscopy and trichoscopy. This new method is really useful in diagnosis of almost all hair conditions, genetic disorders and acquired conditions but digital trichogram seems not to be as practical and useful as the trichoscopy. It is an expensive method in comparison of the traditional method and not as sensible as the old one. Inhibitors of the Janus Kinase (JAK) seem to be a new promise treatment for alopecia areata and other hair disorders. Recently it was demonstrated that topical treatment of mouse and human skin with small-molecule inhibitors of the JAK pathway results in rapid onset of anagen and subsequent hair growth. It seems that JAK inhibition regulates the activation of key hair follicle populations. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is another promise therapy for a genetic hair loss and a lot of other kinds of hair disease. It is being increasingly used in medical treatments around the world. PRP has been used by physicians since the 1990′s in various areas of medicine which seems to help about 50% of men with hair thinning, especial when hair transplantation is not an option but also can be used in alopecia areata and telogen effluvium.
- Dermatological skin diseases
Chair
Helgi Valdimarsson
Landspitali University Hospital, Iceland
Co-Chair
Irina Khamaganova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russia
Session Introduction
Shuba Dharmana
Lejeune Medspa, India
Title: Acanthosis nigricans
Time : 11:10-11:40
Biography:
Shuba Dharmana is the Founder and CEO of Lejeune group of Medspas, which she presently runs in Bangalore and Hyderabad and is a Consult at various multispecialty hospitals across India. She is a crowned “Woman Entrepreneur of the Year 2012” amongst several other prestigious awards. After graduating from the Andhra Medical College, India, she left for UK where she trained and practiced for 10 years in General Practice and undertook a Post Graduate Diploma in Clinical Dermatology from the University of Cardiffm UK. She discovered her passion in aesthetic medicine and trained under eminent aesthetic physicians, working for several clinics all across UK. She was also trained in hair transplantation techniques in Poland under one of the Europe’s most reputed hair transplant surgeons, Dr. Marwan Saifi.
Abstract:
Acanthosis nigricans is a condition involving symmetrical hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin in the flexures like neck, axilla and groin. It is strongly associated with insulin resistance, obesity, polycystic ovarian syndrome and some malignancies. It is important to screen people with AN for insulin resistance and advocate lifestyle changes, weight reduction etc to reduce the risk of diabetes and its complications. Whilst underlying causes need to be corrected, lightening of the patches poses a problem. It is often resistant to treatment and recurrence is common. A variety of topical skin lightening agents like hydroquinone, azelaic acid, triple combination cream, chemical peels, keratolytic agents like salicylic acid, emollients, calcipotriol, metformin, octreotide, oral and topical retinoids , CO2 ablation, long pulsed alexandrite laser are all used to improve appearance.
Sushma Yadav
Lejeune Medspa, India
Title: Case of adult onset verrucous epidermal nevi
Time : 11:40-12:10
Biography:
Sushma Yadav has pursued MBBS at Ambedkar Medical College in Bangalore from 2004-2008 and later completed Post graduate degree in Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (DVL) in Vydehi Medical College in 2012. She has been a Member of few well recognized medical organizations across the state which includes Indian Association of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (IADVL), Indian Association for the Study of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Indian Association of Leprologist and Bangalore Dermatology Society.
Abstract:
Epidermal nevi are hamartomatous proliferation of the epithelium including the keratinocytes, sebocytes, pilosebaceous units, eccrine glands or apocrine glands. Epidermal nevus present with developmental abnormalities of the nervous, cardiovascular, urogenital and skeletal system. Also called as linear verrucous epidermal nevus, they are characterized by localized or diffuse, close-set, skin colored, brown to gray brown verrucous papules, which may coalesce to form well demarcated papillomatous plaques. Variants localized, systematized, nevus uniuslateris, ichthyosishystrix and inflammatory type. Eighty percent of the lesions appear within the first year of life with majority of the lesions appearing by the age of 14. There are rare reports of adult onset of epidermal nevi, therefore presenting a case of epidermal verrucous nevi in a 32 year old male patient with adult onset.
- Autoimmune Disease | Diagnostic procedure and treatment
Chair
Rutao Cui
Boston University School of Medicine, USA
Co-Chair
Mustafa Turhan Sahin
Celal Bayar University, Turkey
Session Introduction
Helgi Valdimarsson
Landspitali University Hospital, Iceland
Title: Psoriasis, an autoimmune disease promoted by defective innate immunity
Time : 13:00-13:30
Biography:
Helgi Valdimarsson is a Professor of Immunology at the University of Iceland. He established the first Immunology Laboratory of Iceland in 1983. He was a Senior Lecturer at St Mary's Hospital Medical School, London, England from 1975-1981 and a Visiting Professor at St. Mary’s from 1981-1990. He has published over 180 articles in international peer reviewed journals and for his work on psoriasis he has received several research grants including European Commission Grant (1998-2002) and a Fogarty Scholarship in 2003.
Abstract:
It is now generally accepted that psoriasis is a T-lymphocyte mediated inflammatory disease. Early data supporting this concept, published about 25 years ago, were initially subjected to vigorous and healthy scepticism and discussed as current controversy as late as 2000. However, this paradigm is now generally accepted and management with agents that selectively block certain T-lymphocyte sub-populations is now the treatment of choice for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. The nature of the antigens involved, remains to be fully established but some recent findings have strongly implicated streptococcal components. Genetic analyses have identified a number of susceptibility alleles that may predispose to psoriasis, including the HLA-Cw6 allele that is carried by about 60% of the patients, compared with only about 15% of population controls. Many other susceptibility alleles with lower penetrance have been identified and some may be associated with defects in innate immunity. Although the innate immune system does not directly involve antigen specific immune mechanisms, it closely interacts in a variety of ways with adaptive immunity. Thus, it is well established that defective innate immunity predisposes to antigen specific autoimmune diseases. HLA-Cw6 positive psoriasis patients respond abnormally to short keratin peptides that share sequences with streptococcal M protein and vice versa. Furthermore, improvement of psoriasis after tonsillectomy correlates closely with decrease in the frequency of circulating CD8 T lymphocytes that recognize such peptides. It is therefore proposed that HLA-Cw6 positive psoriasis patients have molecular mimicry based autoimmunity. Whether other mechanisms operate in HLA-Cw6 negative psoriasis patients remains to be elucidated.
Irina Khamaganova
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Russia
Title: Innate immunity of keratinocytes in rosacea & perioral dermatitis
Time : 13:30-14:00
Biography:
Irina Khamaganova has completed her PhD degree from the State Scientific Research Centre for Dermatovenerology. She has completed her Doctoral degree from Russian National Research Medical University, Russia. She is a Professor at the Department of Skin Diseases & Cosmetology at Russian National Research Medical University. She is a Member of the European Society for Dermatological Research and since 2011 she takes part in the annual meetings of ESDR. She has published more than 100 papers in reputed journals.
Abstract:
Rosacea is a common inflammatory facial skin disease, characterized by erythema, telangiectasia, papules and pustules. Perioral dermatitis is a common inflammatory facial skin disorder as well. A typical perioral dermatitis presentation involves the eruption of papules and pustules that may recur over weeks to months, occasionally with fine scales. The differential diagnosis includes rosacea besides other diseases. The dysregulation of the innate immune system may have a role in promoting the clinical features of rosacea & perioral dermatitis. The objective of this study was the complex analysis of innate immunity of the keratinocytes in patients with rosacea & perioral dermatitis. Materials & methods: 35 patients with rosacea & 5 patients with perioral dermatitis were examined. Total RNA was isolated from keratinocytes RNA was combined with random and reverse primers for the target genes for cDNA synthesis .The real-time PCR was performed for quantitative analysis. The median of the expression of TLR2 was significantly reduced both in the affected skin to 3856 and in healthy skin in rosacea patients to 2627 in comparison with 34191 in patients with perioral dermatitis. The median of the expression of hBD1 was significantly raised both in the affected skin to 28318 and in healthy skin in rosacea patients to 24732 in rosacea patients in comparison with 7415. The median of the expression of hBD2 was significantly reduced both in the affected skin to 2267 and in healthy skin in rosacea patients to 1990 in comparison with 5553. The investigation showed statistically significant difference of the indicators of innate immunity in patients with rosacea & perioral dermatitis.